Writing Guidelines

Manuscript Structure and Formatting

Title

  • The title must be written in English, informative, concise, and should contain 5–12 words.
  • It should include the key variables of the study and reflect the manuscript content.
  • Abbreviations or formulas should not be used in the title.
  • The title page should contain only the title to ensure a double-blind review process (authors' names should be removed).

Abstract and Keywords

  • The abstract should be concise and summarize the main research problem, objectives, methods, and results.
  • It must be written in both Indonesian and English, with a maximum of 150–200 words.
  • Keywords should consist of 3–5 main words relevant to the study.

Introduction

The introduction should be presented as a continuous narrative without subheadings and should be 15–20% of the manuscript length. It must include:

  • The background and rationale of the study.
  • A brief literature review to provide theoretical context.
  • A clear statement of research objectives.

Methods

The methods section should be 15–20% of the manuscript length and include:

  • Study design
  • Data collection techniques and sources
  • Data analysis methods

Results and Discussion

This section should be 60–70% of the manuscript length and include:

Results

  • Findings from data analysis.
  • Results of hypothesis testing.
  • Presentation of data using tables or graphs where necessary.

Discussion

  • Answer the research problem.
  • Interpret the findings in relation to existing knowledge.
  • Integrate findings with relevant literature.
  • Propose new theories or refine existing ones, if applicable.
  • Use sequential numbering (1, 2, 3, etc.) instead of composite or hyphenated numbering.

Conclusion and Recommendations

  • The conclusion should summarize answers to the research questions.
  • Recommendations should be based on the research findings and should specify who should take action and what actions are suggested.
  • This section should be written as an essay rather than a numbered list.

References

  • Only include sources cited in the manuscript.
  • Arrange references alphabetically using the Vancouver system.
  • Ensure complete and accurate citations.
  • At least 80% of references should be from sources published within the last 10 years.
  • At least 80% of references should be from research articles in journals or research reports.
  • Authors should reference previous journal articles whenever possible.
  • The bibliography should follow the APA format.