Similarity and AI Tools Policy

Similarity Policy:

All manuscripts must be free from plagiarized content. Authors are strongly advised to use plagiarism detection software to perform a similarity check prior to submission. The similarity index should not exceed 25%, excluding the bibliography, and the self-citation rate should be less than 25%. Self-citations must be directly relevant to the submitted manuscript and should clearly contribute to the context, background, or methodology of the work. Excessive or irrelevant self-citation is not permitted.

The editorial team uses Turnitin software to verify the originality of all submitted articles before they enter the review process.

In addition, authors are highly encouraged not to copy images directly. Whenever possible, figures should be redrawn or created originally. If authors use images from other sources, proper citation and permission must be provided, and copyright regulations must be strictly observed.

Transparency in AI Tools Acknowledgement:

Authors are encouraged to disclose the use of any AI tools that contributed to the preparation of this manuscript in the Acknowledgement section. This includes, but is not limited to, tools used for language editing, organizing the presentation of original ideas, data analysis support, or figure generation. The use of AI tools is permitted as long as they are not employed to manipulate or fabricate data. AI should primarily assist in the writing process and language improvement, while the originality of ideas and the final responsibility for the accuracy, content, and integrity of the manuscript remain with the authors. Transparency in AI usage helps maintain the integrity, accountability, and reproducibility of scientific research.