Transformasi Digital dalam Kewirausahaan Unggas: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis tentang Strategi dan Kinerja Bisnis

Septiani Putri; Herbert Siregar

doi:10.33633/jekobs.v5i2.15399

Authors

Septiani Putri Program Studi Ilmu Komputer - S1, Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Herbert Siregar Program Studi Ilmu Komputer - S1, Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33633/jekobs.v5i2.15399

Keywords:

kewirausahaan digital, kinerja perusahaan, sektor unggas, strategi bisnis, transformasi digital

Abstract

Digital transformation plays an increasingly important role in enhancing efficiency, competitiveness, and sustainability in the poultry sector, particularly in the context of small- and medium-scale entrepreneurial farming. This study aims to systematically synthesize the integration of digital technologies and entrepreneurial strategies in the poultry industry through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The PRISMA method was applied to identify, screen, and evaluate relevant scholarly literature, resulting in sixteen selected articles published between 2020 and 2025 from reputable international databases. The synthesis reveals that digitalization in poultry farming evolves in a multidimensional manner and can be classified into three main clusters: operational digitalization through the adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and digital twin technologies; the strengthening of entrepreneurial strategies and business performance through cost efficiency, digital marketing, and platform-based partnerships; and implementation challenges related to infrastructure limitations, farmers’ digital literacy, and cybersecurity risks. These findings highlight that digital technologies function not only as tools for improving production efficiency but also as key enablers of value creation and business resilience, thereby providing an integrated perspective on the relationship between digital transformation, entrepreneurial strategy, and business performance that is relevant for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in promoting sustainable digital transformation in agribusiness. Transformasi digital semakin berperan penting dalam meningkatkan efisiensi, daya saing, dan keberlanjutan sektor perunggasan, khususnya dalam konteks kewirausahaan peternak skala kecil dan menengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis secara sistematis perkembangan integrasi teknologi digital dan strategi kewirausahaan dalam industri perunggasan melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Metode PRISMA digunakan untuk menyeleksi dan mengevaluasi literatur ilmiah yang relevan, sehingga diperoleh enam belas artikel terpilih yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2020–2025 dari basis data internasional bereputasi. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa digitalisasi peternakan unggas berkembang secara multidimensional dan dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam tiga klaster utama, yaitu digitalisasi operasional peternakan melalui penerapan Internet of Things (IoT), kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI), dan digital twin; penguatan strategi kewirausahaan dan kinerja bisnis melalui efisiensi biaya, pemasaran digital, serta kemitraan berbasis platform; serta tantangan implementasi yang mencakup keterbatasan infrastruktur, literasi digital peternak, dan risiko keamanan siber. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa teknologi digital tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai alat peningkatan efisiensi produksi, tetapi juga sebagai pengungkit penciptaan nilai dan peningkatan resiliensi usaha perunggasan, sehingga penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam menyediakan sintesis terintegrasi mengenai hubungan antara transformasi digital, strategi kewirausahaan, dan kinerja bisnis yang relevan bagi peneliti, pelaku usaha, dan pembuat kebijakan dalam mendorong transformasi digital agribisnis yang berkelanjutan.

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