Deteksi Adware Berbasis Machine Learning Menggunakan Cluster-Aware Stacking Ensemble
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62411/tc.v25i1.15641Abstract
Adware pada Android mengganggu pengalaman pengguna serta meningkatkan risiko privasi dan keamanan. Sebagian studi deteksi adware masih dievaluasi dengan pembagian data acak, sehingga kurang merepresentasikan pergeseran distribusi (out-of-distribution/OOD). Penelitian ini mengevaluasi Cluster-Aware Stacking (CAS) dengan validasi silang berbasis klaster (C_ClusterOOD) agar estimasi kinerja lebih mendekati kondisi penerapan. Dataset CICMalDroid 2020 difilter menjadi dua kelas, adware dan benign, menghasilkan 3.045 sampel dengan 470 fitur numerik (1.253 adware; 1.792 benign). Pembagian hold-out 80:20 menggunakan skema anti-kebocoran berbasis grup. Model dasar meliputi Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, dan XGBoost, dengan Soft Voting sebagai pembanding. Pada evaluasi berbasis klaster, CAS memberikan performa yang kompetitif pada metrik F1 adware dan MCC. Pada uji hold-out, konfigurasi terbaik mencapai akurasi 0,977, F1 adware 0,972, dan MCC 0,952, dengan ROC-AUC mendekati 1,0. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi berbasis klaster membantu memilih model yang lebih robust untuk deteksi adware Android. Kata Kunci – Android adware, machine learning, ensemble learning, stacking ensemble, out-of-distributionDownloads
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Copyright (c) 2026 Karfindo Karfindo, Muhammad Diponegoro, Yusril Eka Mahendra, Mohamad Arifin

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