Escaping from Women's Marginalization in Hollywood Film Industry in T. J. Reid's "The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo"
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33633/lite.v19i2.8421Keywords:
escaping, film industry, patriarchy, women's marginalization, rejectionAbstract
In the journey of the feminist movement, many efforts have been made to save marginalized women from patriarchy. Betty Friedan, an American feminist writer, reveals the controversial phenomenon of the concept of feminine mystique which restrains women from seeking their true selves due to oppression from various parties. In its practice, this phenomenon occurs in the Hollywood film industry, which is supposed to be an industry uncontaminated by gender discrimination. This study aims to investigate the issue of women's marginalization in Taylor Jenkins Reid’s The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo by implementing Betty Friedan’s theory of feminine mystique. Valid data were collected through qualitative research methods by quoting narrations and dialogues from the characters in the novel. Furthermore, the data is processed and analyzed based on the theory used. This study presents the forms of Evelyn's marginalization in three areas: domestic, Hollywood film industry, and public and media. In the end, Evelyn Hugo's rejection of gender oppression in those three areas makes her able to escape from women’s marginalization and become a successful female icon in the Hollywood film industry.References
Amaral, L. A., Moreira , J. A., Dunand , M. L., Navarro , H. T., & Lee, H. A. (2020). Long-term Patterns of Gender Imbalance In An Industry Without Ability or Level of Interest Differences. PLOS ONE, 15(4), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229662
Asri, Y. (2018). Women’s Rejection toward Patriarchy Culture: A Feminism Study in Selected Indonesian Novels. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), 148, 00-205. https://doi.org/10.2991/icla-17.2018.35
Bako, M. J., & Syed, J. (2018). Women’s Marginalization in Nigeria and the Way Forward. Human Resource Development International, 21(5), 425-443. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2018. 1458567
Churchill, L. B. (2020, February 9). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved July 3, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Feminine-Mystique
Collins, J. C., McFadden, C., Rocco, T. S., & Mathis, M. K. (2015). The Problem of Transgender Marginalization and Exclusion: Critical Actions for Human Resource Development. Human Resource Development Review, 14(2), 205-226. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1177/ 1534484315581755
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. California: SAGE Publications.
Darnell, L. (2018). An Introduction to Feminism and Cross-Cultural Body Image in the United States. Senior Honors Theses & Projects. https://commons.emich.edu/honors/613?utm_source= commons.emich.edu%2Fhonors%2F613&utm_medium=PDF&utm_campaign=PDFCoverPages
De Pater, I. E., Judge, T. A., & Scott, B. A. (2014). Age, Gender, and Compensation: A Study of Hollywood Movie Stars. Journal of Management Inquiry, 23(4), 407–420. https://doi.org/10.1177/1056492613519861
Desmawati, E. (2018, December). Analysis of Feminism In the Novel of Little Women by Louisa May Alcott. Journal of Language and Literature, 6(2), 91-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35760/jll.2018.v6i2.2487
Ferrari, F., Imperato, C., & Mancini, T. (2021). Heteronormativity and the Justification of Gender Hierarchy: Investigating the Archival Data From 16 European Countries. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.
Friedan, B. (2013). The Feminine Mystique Betty Friedan, Introduction by Gail Collins, Afterword by Anna Quindlen. New York: W. W. Norton.
Kay, J. B., & Weiser, S. B. (2019). Feminist Anger and Feminist Respair. Feminist Media Studies, 19(4), 603-609. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2019.1609231
Kayani, D. T., Mubarik, M., & Butt, M. H. (2020). Subversion of Traditional Feminine Stereotypes in Mohsin Hamid’s Exit West. Orient Research Journal of Social Sciences, 5(1).
Mishra, P. (2017). The Age of Anger: A History of the Present. London: Penguin.
Mohajan, H. K. (2022). Four Waves of Feminism: A Blessing for Global Humanity. Studies in Social Science & Humanities, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.56397/SSSH.2022.09.01
Nabila, S., & Noviana, F. (2021). Marginalization of Women in Higuchi Ichiyou's Nigorie Short Story: A Feminism Studies. Japanese Research on Linguistics, Literature, and Culture, 3(2), 133-140. doi:https://doi.org/10.33633/jr.v3i2.4675
Napikoski, L. (2018, September 2). ThoughtCo. Retrieved October 9, 2022, from https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-the-feminine-mystique-3528925#:~:text=The%20feminine%20mystique%20is%20the,against%20women%27s%20pre-ordained%20role.
Offen, K. (1988). Defining Feminism: A Comparative Historical Approach. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1086/494494
Reid, T. J. (2017). The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo. Atria Books.
Scheibel, W. (2013). Marilyn Monroe, ‘Sex Symbol’: Film Performance, Gender Politics and 1950s Hollywood Celebrity. Celebrity Studies, 4(1), 4-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/19392397. 2012.750095
Sheehan, R. J. (2020). ‘One Woman’s Failure Affects Every Woman’s Chances’: Stereotyping Impossible Women Directors In 1970s Hollywood. Women's History Review , 30(3), 483-505. https://doi.org/10.1080/09612025.2020.1770404
Simon, S. J. (2019). Hollywood Power Brokers: Gender and Racial Inequality In Talent Agencies. Gender Work Organization, 26, 1340-1356. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12365
Soman, U. (2009). Patriarchy: Theoretical Postulates and Empirical Findings. Sociological Bulletin, 58(2), 253-272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038022920090206
Suaidi, Rusfandi, & Wilujeng, T. T. (2016). Feminism Reflected In Pride and Prejudice Novel by Jane Austen 1813. Jurnal Ilmiah Bahasa dan Sastra, 3(1), 85-99. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unikama.ac.id/index.php/JIBS/article/view/1157
Suharni, S. (2021). Performativitas Gender dan Tubuh yang Subversif dalam Novel The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo Karya Taylor Jenkins Reid. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Tong, R. (2009). Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction. Westview Press.
Traister, R. (2018). Good and Mad: The Revolutionary Power of Women’s Anger. London: Simon & Schuster.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Izzah Putri Jurianto, Rina Saraswati, Airlangga University Datau
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors of LITE: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya must agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).