Cultural Translation in Indonesian Horror Movie: Translation of Cultural Words in Mangkujiwo 2

Abstract

This research aims to identify the types of cultural words, translation techniques, and cultural  elements found in the Indonesian horror film Mangkujiwo 2 (2020), focusing on translations from  Indonesian (source language) into English (target language). The study found 20 instances of cultural words  and their corresponding translation techniques. The results indicate four types of cultural words: material  culture (35%), social culture (20%), ecology (5%), and gestures and habits (40%). Seven translation  techniques were identified: adaptation (15%), amplification (25%), pure borrowing (5%), borrowing (25%),  description (15%), literal translation (10%), and modulation (5%). The translation of cultural words in films  presents unique challenges due to their deep-rooted significance within specific cultural contexts. This  study examines the techniques used to translate cultural references in Mangkujiwo 2, particularly those  rooted in Javanese mysticism, such as spiritual beliefs, rituals, and supernatural entities linked to figures  like Ratu Kidul. Drawing on Peter Newmark’s (1988) translation theory and Molina and Albir’s (2002)  framework, the study analyzes how translators preserve the cultural essence of Javanese mysticism for an  international audience. The findings reveal that transference and amplification are predominantly used to  retain the authenticity of terms like Kejawen and ritualistic expressions, while descriptive equivalents help  clarify culturally specific concepts. These choices reflect the significant cultural differences between  Javanese traditions and English-speaking audiences.