EFFECT OF NONI LEAF (Morinda Citrifolia Lignosae) EXTRACT LARVACIDE TO THE MORTALITY OF Aedes sp. INSTAR III-IV LARVAE

Abstract

ABSTRACT
The eradication of DHF is through the control of Aedes sp. Vector using larvacide. However, the use of synthetic larvacide causes new problems, such as an environmental pollution and toxicity to human beings therefore safe botanical larvacide should be used compound originated from such as mengkudu leaves extract which contains active compunds, i.e. flavonoida, alkaloida, saponin causing mortality to larva. However the research of mengkudu leaves extract effect to larva isn’t yet examined with Aedes sp larva sample in Indonesia specially larva sample in west village Krapyak.
To proof that noni leaf extract 50% (LC50) and 90% (LC90) could lethal Aedes sp. Instar III-IV larva.
Mortality of Aedes sp. larva at noni leaf extract 100 ppm was (0%), 200 ppm (1%), 300 ppm (4%), 400 ppm (6%), 500 ppm (11%) and the result of correlation test showed p=0.006 < α = 0.05, thus there was correlation between concentrate of noni leaf extract to with percentage of death of percentage Aedes sp. Instar III-IV larva with linear regression γ = -3.7 + 0.027 used as estimation LC50 and LC90.
Concentrate of noni leaf extract could not lethal Aedes sp. instar III-IV larva as much as 50% (LC50) and 90% (LC90) but based on linear regression equivalent it was estimated LC50 was 2.000 ppm and LC90 was 3.475 ppm.

Keywords: Larvacide, noni leaf extract, Aedes sp.

ABSTRAK
Pengendalian DBD menggunakan larvasida sintetik menimbulkan masalah baru, diantaranya adalah pencemaran lingkungan dan keracunan pada manusia sehingga perlu larvasida botanis yang lebih aman seperti senyawa yang berasal dari daun mengkudu seperti flavonoida, alkaloida, saponin yang dapat mengakibatkan kematian larva. Namun penelitian terkait efek larvasida ekstrak daun mengkudu terhadap larva ini belum dilakukan uji menggunakan sampel larva nyamuk Aedes sp. di Indonesia terutama sampel larva di Dusun Krapyak Kulon.
Tujuan penelitian untuk membuktikan ekstrak daun mengkudu dapat mematikan larva instar III-IV Aedes sp. sebesar 50% (LC50) dan 90% (LC90).
Metode penelitian menggunakan Penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan posttest-only control group design. Analisis data menggunakan korelasi dan regresi linier.
Hasil penelitian yaitu jumlah kematian larva Aedes sp. pada pemaparan ekstrak daun mengkudu kosentrasi 100 ppm (0%), 200 ppm (1%), 300 ppm (4%), 400 ppm (6%), 500 ppm (11%) dan hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan p=0,006 < α = 0,05, sehingga dinyatakan ada hubungan antara konsentrasi ekstrak daun mengkudu terhadap persentase kematian larva instar III-IV Aedes sp. dengan persamaan regresi linier γ = -3,7 + 0,027 yang digunakan sebagai prediksi LC50 dan LC90.Konsentrasi ekstrak daun mengkudu yang digunakan tidak dapat mematikan larva instar III-IV Aedes sp. sebesar 50% (LC50) dan 90% (LC90) namun berdasarkan persamaan regresi linier didapatkan bahwa prediksi LC50 sebesar 2.000 ppm dan LC90 sebesar 3.475 ppm.

Kata Kunci : Larvasida, ekstrak daun mengkudu, Aedes sp.