The zero-address form in the Japanese address system

Yayan Suyana, Suhandano Suhandano, Tatang Hariri

Abstract


In the Japanese language, there were various forms of address. For example, the use of the second pronoun; anata (you), kimi (you), self-name; Nakamura, Yamaguchi, kinship names; okaasan (mother), otousan (father), name of the profession; and sensei (teacher/doctor). In addition to the various address types, the zero forms of address were also known, namely the implicit use of address words. For example, address words in the form of zero were address (aisatsu); ohayou gozaimasu (good morning), irasshaimase (welcome), and sumimasen (sorry). The form of address adopted in this study was the zero-address form. This study would find the various forms and variations of zero-address. In addition, it also examined the functions and factors that influenced the use of zero-address by the sociolinguistic and pragmatics approach. This study found that there are four variations of the zero-address form, namely (1) the form of greeting; (2) the form of an exclamation or interjection; (3) the form of an interrogative sentence; and (4) the form of declarative sentences. There are two kinds of greeting, namely formal and informal. The function of the zero-address is to show respect, closeness, attract attention, and notification/statement. Factors that influence the use of zero greetings are social status, social distance, situation, and identity of the speaking actor.

Keywords


Address; zero; power; social distance

Full Text:

PDF

References


Brown, R., & A, G. (1960). The pronouns of power and solidarity. In Style in Language (Ed.) T.Sebeok. MIT Press.

Dickey, E. (1997). Forms of address and terms of reference. Journal of Linguistics, 3(3), 255–274.

Ervin-Tripp, S. (1972). Sociolinguistic rules: Alteration and co-Occurrence. in directions in sociolinguistics (J. Gumpere). Basil Blackwell.

Esmae’li, S. (2011). Terms of address usages; The case of Iranian spouses. International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(9), 183–188.

Fasold, R. (1990). The sociolinguistics of language. Basil Blackwell.

Formentelli, M. (2009). Address strategies in a British academic setting. Pragmatics, 19(2), 179–196.

Jaworski, A., & Galasinki, D. (2000). Vocative address forms and ideological legitimization in political debates. Discourse Studies, 2(1), 35–53.

Kesharvaz, M. . (2001). The role of social context,intimacy and distance in the choice of forms of address. International Journal of Soc.and Lang., 148, 5–18.

Kridalaksana, H. (1982). Dinamika tutur sapa dalam bahasa Indonesia. Bahatara.

Kullavanijaya, P. (2000). Power and intimacy: A contradiction in a Thai personal pronoun. In Oceanic Linguistics Special Publications, No. 29, Grammatical Analysis: Morphology, Syntax, and Semantics (pp. 80–86). University of Hawaii Press.

Mangga, S. (2015). Various uses of address forms in Japanese society in perspective of sociolinguistics and anthropological linguistics. Parole, 5(1).

Mardiha, M. (2012). The role of age and gender in the choice of address forms: A sociolinguistics study. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 1(4).

Ostor, A. (1982). Terms of address and hungarian society. Language Sciences, 4(1), 55–69.

Passin, H. (1966). Intra-familial linguistic usage in Japan. Monumenta Nipponica, 21(1/2), 97–113.

Qin, X. (2008). Choices in terms of address: A sociolinguistics study of Chinese and American English practices. Proocedings of the 20th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL-20) Vol. 1.

SturtzSreetharan, C. (2006). I read the “Nikkei ,Too”: Crafting position of authority and masculinity in a Japanese conversation. Journal of Linguistics Anthropology, 16(2), 173–193.

Sulistyaningrum, U. (2018). Penggunaan salam sebagai ungkapan sapaan dalam drama Seigi no Mikata dan Ohitorisama. Medan Makna, XVI, 139—150.

Takahara, K. (1992). Second person deixis in Japanese and power semantics. Intercultural Communication Studies, 2(1).

Wibowo, Ridha Mashudi, Retnaningsih, A. (2015). Dinamika bentuk-bentuk sapaan sebagai refleksi sikap berbahasa masyarakat Indonesia. Humaniora, 7(13), 269—282.

Wood, L., & Kroger, R. (1991). Politeness and forms of address. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 145–168.

Yang, X. (2010). Address forms of English: Rules and variation. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 1(5), 743–745




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33633/jr.v4i2.6229

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 264 times
PDF - 213 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Yayan Suyana, Suhandano, Tatang Hariri

ISSN Online: 2655-4836 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

This journal is published by Universitas Dian Nuswantoro, Semarang, Indonesia. 

In collaboration with:

   

Indexing & Archiving: