Correlation between Knowledge and Self-Efficacy in Prevention Sexual Harassment among University Student in Semarang City

Abstract

In 2024, The National Commission on Violance Again Women recorded 17,305 cases. Additionally, the Semarang Legal Aid Institute (LBH) reported 25 cases of gender-based violence and child abuse in 2024. If this trend continues, it will negatifly impact. Based on Health Belief Model (HBM) theory, self-efficacy and knowledge are essential factors in preventing sexual harassement. This study aims to see the relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy in preventing sexual harassment among collage students in Semarang. Cross-sectional quantitative methods was used. The population consisted of 287,186 Students Collage in Semarang with 419 sample choosen by purposive sampling with the slovin formula. The Rank-Spearman correlation was used because the data was not normally distributed. The results showed that there was a significant corelation between self-efficacy and sexual harassment prevention (p-value=0.000) with low correlation amount (R=0.291). Furthermore,  there was  no significant corelation between knowledge of sexual harassement prevention (p-value=0.116). Although variable knowledge did not show significant corellation. However, according to  HBM theory, increasing knowledge is the first step in changing behavior. Universities should collaborate with the Gender-Based Violence Prevention Task Force (PPKS) to create campaigns against sexual harassment prevention to increase students' knowledge and self-efficacy prevention.