VISIKES

Overview of the Tuberculosis (TB) Case Overview of the Tuberculosis (TB) Case Management Program Management Program in Baubau City in 2024

Taswin Taswin — 2025-09-19

Based on data from the Baubau City Health Service, in 2021 there were 334 cases and in 2022 there were 532 cases. The Case Notification Rate (CNR) for all TB cases in Baubau City is 138 per 100,000 population. This shows that among 100,000 residents there were 138 new patients found. The aim of the research is to find out an overview of the implementation of the Tuberculosis Case Management Program in Baubau City. The type of research used is quantitative with a descriptive approach. The entire population used as a sample was 35 people. The sampling technique uses total sampling. The research was conducted in May-June 2024. Data analysis was carried out univariately using SPSS. The research results showed that the human resource variable was sufficient for 30 respondents (85.7%) and less for 5 respondents (14.3%). The variable of adequate drug availability was 22 respondents (62.9%) and 13 respondents (37.1%) were lacking. The variables of sufficient facilities and infrastructure were 27 respondents (77.1%) and 8 respondents (22.9%) were lacking. The conclusion in this research is that Human Resources in the program for handling TB cases are quite good, namely 85.7%, Availability of Medicines is quite good, namely 62.9%, and Facilities and Infrastructure in the program for handling TB cases are quite good, namely 77.1%.

Railway Noise at Gubeng Station: Assessing Railway Noise at Gubeng Station: Assessing Sources, Levels, and Health Sources, Levels, and Health Implications for Passengers

Yosef Yusran — 2025-09-19

Rail transportation is a preferred mode of transport for the public due to its various advantages; however, it creates environmental issues in the form of noise pollution, which has the potential to impact health and comfort. This study aimed to measure the noise levels at Gubeng Station in Surabaya and analyze their compliance with applicable quality standards. Using an observational quantitative method, measurements were taken at 10 representative points within the station on April 17, 2025, employing a Sound Level Meter (SLM) in accordance with SNI 8247:2017. The results indicate that noise levels varied, with the highest value of 89 dBA in the train engine area, exceeding the safe limit for an 8-hour work exposure stipulated by Minister of Manpower Regulation No. 13/MEN/X/2011. The majority of measurement points, such as the departure platform (78.5 dBA) and the waiting room (77 dBA), also surpassed the environmental quality standard of 60 dBA regulated by Minister of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023, although they remained below the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for workers. Only the Old Gubeng waiting room (58.2 dBA) met the Ministry of Health standard. This study concludes that while the noise at Gubeng Station remains safe for workers regarding short-term exposure, the conditions have the potential to cause discomfort and health risks for passengers and the general public. Comprehensive mitigation measures, including the installation of sound dampeners, waiting room zoning, and the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), are required to create a healthier and more comfortable station environment.

The Relationship Between Community Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Latrine Availability in Telaga Nipa, West Seram Regency

Yan Rogers Kornotan — 2025-10-22

Background: Basic sanitation plays a vital role in enhancing human health by ensuring a clean environment, with the availability of proper latrines being essential for the safe disposal of human waste and the prevention of disease transmission. Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the availability of basic sanitation facilities, particularly family latrines, in Telaga Nipa, located in West Seram Regency. Method: A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach was applied, involving 100 households, using univariate and bivariate analyses including the chi-square test. Results: The findings showed that both community knowledge and attitudes were significantly associated with the availability of latrines (P value = 0.038 for both), indicating a strong correlation between public understanding and the presence of sanitation facilities. Conclusion: It is essential to improve community awareness and attitudes regarding sanitation to enhance access to proper, health-compliant latrines and support better public health outcomes. Novelty: This study contributes novel empirical data from an underreported and remote region in Eastern Indonesia, highlighting behavioral determinants as critical factors in household sanitation infrastructure.

The Implementation of ISO 14001 In Developed Countries: Literature Review

Astisa Anggi Liani — 2025-10-22

Background: The implementation of ISO 14001 has become increasingly important in addressing global challenges related to sustainability and environmental management. Developed countries have demonstrated strong commitment to this standard as a means to enhance environmental performance, operational efficiency, and industrial competitiveness. Objective: This article explores the similarities and differences among various studies regarding the impact of ISO 14001 implementation, with a focus on both environmental and economic benefits. Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive method through a literature review guided by the PRISMA framework. Articles were sourced from Google Scholar using keywords related to ISO 14001, and were then screened and selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of 1,650 articles initially identified, 16 were selected for further analysis. Results: The findings indicate that ISO 14001 generally contributes positively to carbon emission reduction and profitability improvement, particularly in countries with high environmental awareness. These studies also emphasize the importance of contextual factors such as company size, market pressure, and national culture in determining the effectiveness of certification. Although most studies employed quantitative methodologies, there was variation in geographical and industrial focus, as well as in adoption motivations, ranging from export advantages to internal company improvements. Conclusion: The success of ISO 14001 implementation is not universal and depends on the specific conditions of each company and country. Therefore, a more tailored approach and adequate policy support are necessary to encourage broader and more effective adoption of this standard.

Analysis Of The Use Of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs In Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients At X Hospital Semarang City

F.X. Sulistiyanto Wibowo S — 2025-09-19

Diabetes mellitus is a long-term condition marked by high blood sugar levels. It stems from metabolic endocrine disorders that may result from reduced insulin secretion, reduced insulin sensitivity, or both. Management of type II DM often includes antidiabetic treatment, which may consist of one medication or a combination. This research aims to describe patient characteristics, outline medication usage, report rates of Glucose Ad Random (GAR) reduction, and assess the efficacy of single versus combination antidiabetic drugs in type 2 DM patients admitted to X Hospital in Semarang City. The study uses an analytical observational approach with retrospective data collection and purposive sampling. Findings showed that 52.13% were women and 42.02% were aged 56-65 years (late elderly group). Also, 70.21% had Type II DM with complications, and 57.45% had hospital stays of 1-4 days. The most used single antidiabetic accounted for 53.19% of cases. Paired Sample T-Test results for both single and combination antidiabetics showed p <0.05, indicating both therapies effectively reduce GAR. Single antidiabetic therapy yielded a 22.46% reduction, while the combination led to a 45.36% decrease. The T-Test results further showed the combination was more effective, with an average GAR reduction of 111.2386 mg/dL. Hospitals are expected to continue using combination oral antidiabetics as per the hospital formulary to maintain blood sugar control. Diabetes Mellitus patients should monitor blood sugar routinely, take medications regularly, and follow a recommended diet, healthy lifestyle, and regular exercise. This helps prevent complications. Future researchers are encouraged to examine the relationship between laboratory data and other factors such as BMI, diet, and stress.

Climate Change, Environmental Components And Media, Climate Village Program (PROKLIM) And Covid-19

R. Azizah — 2025-09-19

Background: In early January 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic affected all countries globally. The resulting reduction in vehicular mobility during the pandemic period temporarily eased pressure on the environment by lowering greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, attention to environmental components-particularly the physical and biological aspects of water and air media-has become increasingly important.Methods: This study employed a quantitative approach, gathering data through surveys distributed to participants of a webinar attended by 500 individuals. The survey was disseminated via a Google Form shared through the Zoom chat feature. Data were analyzed using SMART PLS Version 4 to determine the relationship between environmental components and environmental media.Results: Analysis of responses from 500 participants indicated that the majority prioritized water and air environmental media. This was supported by high loading factor values for the water environment (0.782) and air environment (0.760). The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis revealed that environmental components significantly influence environmental media, with a T-statistic value of 64.119 and a p-value of 0.000 (T > 1.96, p < 0.05).Conclusion: Environmental components have a significant effect on environmental media, underscoring the importance of environmental management. The Climate Village Program (Program Kampung Iklim) emerges as a potential community-based initiative to mitigate climate-related diseases, including airborne transmission of COVID-19.

Spatial Analysis and Risk Factors of Regional Vulnerability to Dengue Fever Incidence in Semarang City 2018-2020

Indah Febriantika — 2025-09-19

The high number of dengue hemorrhagic fever cases in Semarang City from year to year without being able to know the main cause and from a fairly high level of rainfall, the dominant case attacks men, affects the ages of children to adolescents, and the level of diverse population density is quite several variables according to the data studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the vulnerability of each sub-district area to dengue hemorrhagic fever in the Semarang city. This study used an descriptive method with a Cross Sectional approach. The research data uses secondary data which is then processed and analyzed with the QGIS application and uses statistical tests to determine the strength of the relationship. The results showed that there was no relationship between population density, gender, age and rainfall with cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (P<0.070), it can be concluded that all districts in Semarang City are endemic areas that are vulnerable to dengue hemorrhagic fever events. For the people of Semarang City, they should pay more attention to personal health and environmental health by implementing 3M plus, in order to avoid dengue hemorrhagic fever.

Factors Associated with Stunting in Toddlers in The Ropang District of Sumbawa

Ana Lestari — 2025-09-19

Stunting is a critical public health issue that impairs physical and cognitive development in children, particularly in underserved areas. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between parental nutritional knowledge, parenting practices, and feeding patterns with the stunting status of children under five in Ropang Subdistrict, Sumbawa. A cross-sectional design was used, and total sampling was applied to 24 respondents including 12 respondents of mother and 12 respondents of toddlers. This study used a small sample size because it focused on children who were already classified as stunted. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test, Likelihood Ratio, and Fisher’s Exact Test. The results showed no significant relationship between parents’ nutritional knowledge and the stunting status of children (p = 0.310). However, there was a significant relationship between parenting practices and stunting (p = 0.023), as well as a very strong association between child feeding patterns and stunting status (p < 0.001). Children with poor feeding patterns were more likely to experience severe stunting. These findings emphasize the importance of practical parenting strategies and proper feeding behavior in addressing stunting. Effective interventions should therefore focus on improving daily caregiving and feeding practices, rather than relying solely on increasing parental knowledge, to enhance child health outcomes in rural communities.

Systematic Literature Review: Consumption Of Sugary Foods And Beverages In Children And The Increased Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Lelaning Priyatin — 2025-09-19

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children is becoming an increasing global concern due to its rising prevalence, primarily caused by unhealthy dietary patterns. This study aims to systematically review scientific evidence regarding the relationship between the consumption of sugary foods and beverages and the increased risk of T2DM in children. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review of publications from 2016 to 2025, obtained from databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The article selection process followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and resulted in seven studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review findings indicate that excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is strongly associated with an increased risk of T2DM. These findings highlight the importance of early intervention through nutrition education, family involvement, and stricter regulation of unhealthy food and beverage marketing to prevent the development of T2DM in children.

How Social Factors Shape the Mental Health Impact of Social Media Among High School Students: Systematic Literature Review

Lina Handayani — 2025-09-19

Adolescent mental health has emerged as a pressing global concern, particularly in light of the growing and intensive use of social media among high school students. While social media platforms offer avenues for communication and self-expression, they also contribute to adverse psychological outcomes, including anxiety, stress, and depression. This study explores the role of social determinants—such as socioeconomic status, family dynamics, peer support, and digital literacy—in shaping the mental health effects of social media use among adolescents. Employing a literature review methodology, the study analyzed 25 relevant national and international journal articles sourced via Google Scholar using the keywords: “social determinants,” “social media,” “mental health,” and “adolescents.” The findings reveal a strong correlation between frequent social media engagement and heightened mental health disorders, exacerbated by contextual factors such as inadequate parental supervision, limited emotional support, and peer norms that prioritize online validation. These insights underscore the urgent need for integrated, cross-sectoral interventions involving families, schools, and community stakeholders. Strengthening adolescents’ psychosocial resilience through targeted digital literacy education and robust social support systems is essential to mitigate the negative impacts of social media and promote overall mental well-being.