Rethinking The Sustainable Tourism Strategy to Recover the Economy After Covid-19 Outbreak Case Studies: Bali, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33633/str.v3i1.7635Abstract
Bali's economy is highly reliant on tourism activities. However, the Covid-19 outbreak led to unprecedented shock to the economy and it had not recovered yet until 2022. This study aims to examine how sustainable tourism in Bali constituted to the resilience of the Balinese economy before and during the Covid-19 pandemic (2019-2021). The variables considered are the level of regional GDP and labor characteristics which were analyzed utilizing statistics descriptive. The results of the study indicate that the multiplier effect of the tourism sector before the pandemic has not been able to sustainably develop other business fields to continue to grow in the midst of the global crisis. In addition, the shift in the percentage of workers in the tourism sector (providers of accommodation and food and drink) to the agriculture, trade, and manufacturing industry did not affect the value-added created to Bali’s regional GDP. This study recommends optimizing the development of sustainable tourism with the interconnectedness with non-tourism business fields in terms of added value to regional GRDP and business fields.References
Bali Partnership. (2019). Workshop on coastal and marine plastic waste management cooperation.
BaliGovernor's Office.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17, hal.
BPS Bali Province. (2016). Economic Census 2016 Analysis of Listing Results, Bali's Economic Potential.
Bali Provincial Statistics Agency, Denpasar.
BPS Bali Province. (2020). Bali Economic Growth in the fourth quarter of 2020. Official Statistical
News. Denpasar: Bali Provincial Statistics Agency.
BPS Provnsi Bali. (2022). Gross Regional Domestic Product of Bali Province by Business Field 2017-
Denpasar: Bali Provincial Statistics Agency.
BPS Provnsi Bali. (2022). Statistics of Foreign Tourists to Bali 2021. Denpasar: Bali Provincial Statistics
Agency.Ismayanti. (2010). Introduction to Tourism. Grasindo: Jakarta
Collis, D. J. dan Montgomery, C. A. (1995). Competing on resources: Strategy in the 1990s. Harvard
Business Review, July-August, hal. 118-128
Grant, R. M. (1991). The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: Implications for strategy
formulation. California Management Review, Spring, hal. 114-135.
Israr, Aqeel., Asad, Muzaffar., Altaf, Naveed & Victor, Surjit. (2021). Training Effectiveness And
Performance Of Micro, Small And Medium Sized Enterprises. Psychology And Education, 58(2),
-2969.
Lakuma, Paul, C., Marty, Robert dan Muhumuza, Fred. (2019). Financial inclusion and micro, small, and
medium enterprises (MSMEs) growth in Uganda. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 8
(15).
Madhani, P. M. (2000). Resource Based View (RBV) Of Competitve Advantage : An Overview. The
Icfai University Press
Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. (2021). Regional Fiscal Assessment of Bali Province in
Lorton, C. (2015). The Impact of Leakage and Linkages of Tourism-Led Local Economic
Development.
Purwa, Taly. (2022). Performance of Manufacturing MSEs in Bali Amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Economics Development Analysis Journal, 2, 195-210.
Pranadji, Tri & Suhaeti, Rita Nur. (2012). The Future of Agriculture-Rural in Bali in the Perspective of
RegionalDevelopment Planning.
Suhaeti, R.N., A.R. Nurmanaf, T. Pranadji, W.K. Sejati, E.L. Hastuti, G.S. Budhi, I.S Anugrah, and F.B.M.
Dabuke.2010. Local Government Policy in Budget Allocation and Local Regulation Formulation to
AccelerateAgricultural Development. Center for Socio-Economic and Agricultural Policy. Bogor.
Sunariani, Ni Nyoman, Suryadinatha, AAN. Oka, & Mahaputra, Ida. IDM. Rai. (2017). Empowerment of
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through Assisted Programs in Bali Province.
Scientific Journal of Management and Business, 2(1), pp. 1-20.
Suryawardani, I Gusti Ayu Oka, & Wiranatha, Agung Suryawan. (2016). Strategy Prioritization For
Sustainable Tourism In Bali, Indonesia: Focusing On Local Agricultural Products Analytical
Hierarchy Process (AHP)Approach. ISSAAS. 22(1), 96-110.
Tambunan, Tulus T. H. (2019). Micro and Small Industries and the Use of Internet: Findings from
Indonesian. Jurnal Ekonomi Indonesia, 8(2), 203-224.
Urbanus, I Nyoman & Febianti. (2017). Analysis of the impact of tourism development on the
consumptivebehavior of the southern bali region community. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality.
(2), 188-133
Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5, hal. 171-180.
Wirata, Gede. (2022). Strategies to Increase Food Security during the COVID-19 Pandemic through
Strengthening Local Wisdom in Badung Regency Bali. Journal of Balinese Studies. 12(01). 69-88.
https://www.gstcouncil.org/what-is-sustainable-tourism/
https://www.unwto.org/sustainable-development