E-Report System to Help Monitor Student Academic Progress Using Forward Chaining for Grade Promotion According to Student Development Level

The COVID-19 pandemic that has occurred in the world and Indonesia is one of the affected countries. To limit the rate of transmission of COVID-19, the Ministry of Education issued regulations relating to online schools. With this online school, both parents and teachers need media to be able to monitor students' academic progress as long as online schools are implemented. Therefore, we need a system that can assist teachers and parents in monitoring students' academic progress. In this study, an e-report was designed by incorporating the components of students' academic aspect and students' character aspect. This system is supported by a decision support system using forward chaining to determine the feasibility of a grade increase according to the level of development of the student. The output of this system is student grade reports, advice given to parents and grade promotion decisions based on academic and character aspect


INTRODUCTION
In 2016 the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 23 of 2016 has been issued concerning Educational Assessment Standards. According to the regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture that year, assessment is the process of collecting and processing information to measure the achievement of student learning outcomes which are manifested in the form of learning outcomes reports. The report on learning outcomes includes aspects of attitudes and aspects of knowledge [1]. Aspects of knowledge obtained based on academic value through the evaluation of student learning outcomes and aspects of attitudes obtained from the character of students during the learning process. Since the COVID-19 pandemic that occurred in Indonesia at 2020, the Minister of Education through the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) [3]. So far, the learning process and the submission of student learning outcomes are carried out directly or offline . With the circular letter from the Minister of Education, it has an impact on the implementation of the teaching and learning process for students and teachers and the submission of reports on student learning outcomes that were originally offline to online. Thus, we need a media that can be used by teachers and parents to jointly monitor the development of student learning outcomes both from the academic aspect and character.
Monitoring the progress of student learning outcomes, which has been in the form of learning report books, with the implementation of the online teaching and learning process, it will be more relevant if student learning outcomes reports are also submitted online. Thus, teachers can inform the progress of their students up to date and parents can monitor their children's progress without having to come offline to school. There are several studies related to the development of a website-based academic system. The first research by Antono, "Development of Academic Assessment Management Information System (Case Study: KB & TK Permata Hati). In his research, it was stated that the student learning evaluation which was 50% increased to 94% after the website-based academic information system was implemented [4]. Another study by Ahmad Sanmorino in the journal "The Design of Notification System on Android Smartphone for Academic Announcement" explains that there are still many educational institutions, especially universities, that only make announcements via telephone, social media groups or short messages (SMS). The media still has many limitations, because students do not know for sure when the information is shared and the content of the information conveyed is also limited. With the Ndrois-based system, information related to notification of learning activities can be easily known by students. In addition, costs can be minimized, the time required is shorter, and storage space is minimized [5]. Furthermore, the research entitled "Building a Web-Based Academic Information System at the Salafiyah Al-Baqiyatussa'diyyah Tembilahan Islamic Boarding School" by Abi Burrahman. In his research explained that the service regarding academic information manually is still not efficient and slow in the process of searching for learning outcomes assessment data. With a website-based information system at the Salafiyah Al-Baqiyatussa;diyah Tembilahan Islamic Boarding School, the value data collection is more structured so that the data search process becomes faster and more efficient [6]. The fourth study by Olkhovyk, Oleksandr . Kurchev and friends explained about the problems of learning Physics that have not been able to use technology to assist in the teaching and learning process. So that in this study a dynamic web was created to help the teaching and learning process become more effective. And research conducted by Agâh Tuğrul Korucu and Hasan akir in the journal "Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology" describes testing the influence of dynamic web technology on academic achievement in a collaborative and problem-based learning environment. This study uses quantitative research methods by giving pretest and posttest to correspondents. The results after the dynamic web was applied in collaborative learning, showed that the knowledge of students who used the Problem Based Collaborative Environment Developed web got higher academic scores than students who did not use it [7]. In connection with the explanation of the research above, in this study a web-based e-report system will be designed to provide convenience for teachers and parents together to monitor student progress online. This system will be supported by a decision support system, to determine academic values and attitude values in students. The next value is used as a parameter of eligibility for grade promotion. The output of this system is in the form of reports on student learning outcomes that include academic values and attitude values. In addition, the system will also display suggestions to parents regarding the value of learning outcomes that have been obtained.

Collecting Data
This study uses quantitative data processing, which includes the process of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and the process of drawing conclusions [8]. At the data collection stage, the data obtained in the form of academic value data which includes daily test scores, mid-semester examination scores and end-semester examination scores. While the non-academic value data includes student craftsmanship, student compliance with rules and student initiative in responding to existing problems.  Table 1 shows the development of students' non-academic scores which are expressed in three levels, namely undeveloped, starting to develop and developing as expected. The increase in student grades is not only influenced by academic grades, but also the development of academic grades is also included in the assessment aspect. As stated in a ministerial regulation in 2016, that aspects of learning outcomes include academic aspects and aspects of student attitudes or character [1]. The provisions for grade promotion that combine academic and non-academic elements are shown in Table 2 Table 2. shows that if academic score is < 75 and haven't completed, than not graduated. If academic score is < 75 and start to complate, than graduated with conditions. If the academic value is < 75 and it has been completed, than graduated with conditions. If academic score is >= 75 and haven't completed it yet, than gratuated with conditions. If academic score is >= 75 and start to complate, than graduated. and if the academic value is >= 75 and have completed than graduated.
Academic and non-academic value data will be processed by the system using the forward chaining method. Where the system will provide decisions in accordance with the rule based that has been inputted in it. Forward chaining is one method of inference or to help make decisions based on existing facts [9]. Decision making is based on action conditions and applies a data-oriented approach, where the data will function as a determinant of the rules that will be executed and produce a conclusion in the form of a decision. With the processing using forward processing, it makes it easier for teachers to input grades and make decisions about student learning outcomes. Table 3 below shows indicator and condition as appropriate with data from the school. Table 3. Indicator and Condition Table   After collecting datas and process it into a appropriate data for the next step, the next step is desiging system with RAD methode. System will design as online website taht could be accessed by the teachers and parents of students, and so they can monitoring and controling students studies and studies activity anywhere they can.

Forward Chaining Implementation
This step is implementing forward chaining based on indicator and condition that have describes at paragraph above. Table 4 below shows indicator and conditions that was processed and being a rule based for processing data in the system based on forward chaining algorithm.

Testing System
This research using User Acceptance Testing to capture how experiences of user can be used in this system. System developed as suitible as what user need and avalable to used by all of user who will access to the system. Testing system did by the teacher and parent of student [10].
Testing system have been done by 11 of techer. Teachers uses and access fitures of the system and answering questioner after that. Teh result of questioner that answered by teachers showd in Table 5 below