ANALISIS KOMPARASI GESTURE KARAKTER BARAT DAN TIMUR BERDASARKAN ARCHETYPE DARI FILM ANIMASI MUSIKAL “FROZEN” DAN “MERAIH MIMPI”

Nita Virena Nathiania, Ristia Kadiasti

Abstract


Abstrak

Media animasi dalam hal ini berperan sebagai media komunikasi inter-cultural dengan beragam target audiens. Adanya pengetahuan dan studi referensi yang tepat, penyampaian melalui gesture akan berhasil baik bagi audience budaya lokal, budaya mainstream atau yang lebih umum, maupun bagi komunitas global. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya studi yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk membantu menentukan, bukan hanya ciri fisik tetapi juga gesture sebuah karakter sesuai dengan archetype menurut struktur cerita Hero’s Journey Monomyth melalui perbandingan referensi budaya lokal dan budaya barat.  Dua studi kasus yang diambil yaitu animasi musikal “Meraih Mimpi” yang mengangkat latar belakang kehidupan budaya Jawa sebagai salah satu budaya khas Indonesia, dan animasi musikal “Frozen” oleh Disney Animation Studio. Dalam hal ini diperlukan ilmu dan kajian terkait dengan sosiolinguistik dalam proses pembedahan analisis yang melibatkan dua film animasi tersebut yang kemudian dibedah menggunakan pendekatan semiotika visual oleh Ferdinand de Saussure yang melibatkan adanya penanda dan petanda dari masing-masing gesture yang melekat pada archetype karakter untuk menghasilkan sebuah kerangka pembanding antara budaya barat dan timur. Hasilnya beberapa gestur yang memiliki tanda yang sama pada archetype yang berbeda menghasilkan baik penanda atau petanda yang berbeda tergantung dari bagaimana perancangan dan role archetype dengan latar belakang budaya yang disusun pada cerita tersebut.

 

Kata Kunci : archetype, desain karakter, semiotika, sosiolinguistik

 

Abstract

Animation media in this case acts as a medium of intercultural communication with a diverse target audience. With the right knowledge and reference studies, delivery through gestures will be successful both for local cultural audiences, mainstream culture or more generally, as well as for the global community. Therefore, it is necessary to have a study that can be used as a reference to help determine, not only physical characteristics but also the character’s gesture according to the archetype of the Hero's Journey Mononomyth story structure through comparison of local cultural references and western culture. Two case studies were taken, namely the musical animation “Meraih Mimpi” which raised the background of Javanese cultural life as one of Indonesia's unique cultures, and the musical animation Frozen by Disney Animation Studio. In this case, knowledge and studies related to sociolinguistics are needed in the analysis process which involves the two animated films. Then, it dissected using a visual semiotic approach by Ferdinand de Saussure which involves signifier and signified of each movement attached to the character archetypes to produce a framework of comparison between western and eastern cultures. The result is that several gestures that have the same sign on different archetypes produce different signifiers or signifieds depending on how the design and role of archetypes with cultural backgrounds are arranged in the story.

 

Keywords :  archetype, character design, semiotics, sosiolinguistic

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33633/andharupa.v8i01.5993

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